Veterinary Review Initiative
This resource was reviewed for accuracy and clarity by a qualified Doctor of Veterinary Medicine with farmed animal sanctuaryAn animal sanctuary that primarily cares for rescued animals that were farmed by humans. experience as of December 2025.

Check out more information on our Veterinary Review Initiative here!

A Note For Readers From Outside Of The US
Whenever possible, we strive to create resources that can serve the global sanctuary community, but some topics require a more specific focus. Because disease risk and vaccine availability can vary by geographical location, vaccination recommendations for rabbitsUnless explicitly mentioned, we are referring to domesticated rabbit breeds, not wild rabbits, who may have unique needs not covered by this resource. in one region may not apply to rabbits in another. This resource is focused on vaccine information for rabbits in the US. Depending on where you live, there may be additional vaccines your veterinarian recommends that are not available in the US and are, therefore, not discussed in this resource. That said, whether you are in the US or not, it’s important to work with a veterinarian in your region when determining which vaccines may or may not be necessary for your residents.

When it comes to protecting your residents from infectious diseases, it’s essential to have a comprehensive plan in place. Robust biosecurity, a healthy diet, regular veterinary care, and appropriate housing and cleaning practices are just some of the elements of care that play a crucial role in keeping residents healthy. For some diseases, vaccines can also play an important role in prevention. If you are in the US, the vaccine that comes up most often for rabbits is one that offers protection against rabbitUnless explicitly mentioned, we are referring to domesticated rabbit breeds, not wild rabbits, who may have unique needs not covered by this resource. hemorrhagic disease virus 2 (RHDV2). This is not the only rabbit vaccination available in the US (there is also a vaccine available for Pasteurella), and it may not be recommended for all rabbits, but it will be the focus of this resource. Please note that in other parts of the world, additional vaccinations, such as vaccines that protect against myxomatosis, may be strongly recommended. 

Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus 2 (RHDV2)

RHDV2 is a highly contagious and often fatal disease that is considered endemic in the Western part of the US. Currently, there is one vaccine approved for use in the US. The Medgen vaccine has been granted emergency and conditional use, but conditional approval varies by state. As of this writing, the vaccine is available in 45 states. Because of the emergency and conditional approval status of the vaccine, it can only be administered under supervision of a licensed veterinarian. Following the initial vaccination series, which consists of two doses spaced three weeks apart, annual vaccination is typically recommended. 

Vaccination is generally safe, but your veterinarian should determine whether or not it is recommended for each of your individual residents. While many rabbits may not show any side effects after vaccination, some may exhibit lethargy, decreased appetite, and muscle or joint discomfort. These side effects should abate within 48 hours; if not, consult your veterinarian! Once vaccinated, rabbits will produce strong systemic immunity. However, no vaccine is 100% effective, so it’s still important to implement other protective measures to reduce the risk of exposure. You can read more about rabbit hemorrhagic disease here.

Vaccination And Microchipping
Microchipping your rabbit residents in conjunction with RHD vaccination is required in some states. You should check with your veterinarian for your local requirements. Even if you live in a state where a microchip is not required to have rabbits vaccinated, we recommend that you do so to aid in demonstrating your rabbits’ vaccination status. Because RHD is a reportable disease, this can be a crucial part of protecting your rabbit residents should RHD become a problem in your area.

If you haven’t already, be sure to consult with your veterinarian regarding vaccination recommendations for your rabbit residents. While the right vaccination program can be an important aspect of animal care, keep in mind that it is just one part of disease prevention. Be sure to also work with your veterinarian to identify other biosecurityMerck Veterinary Manual defines biosecurity as ”the implementation of measures that reduce the risk of the introduction and spread of disease agents [pathogens].” measures and care practices that can reduce your residents’ risk of diseases!

SOURCES:

Advanced Topics In Resident Health: Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease | The Open Sanctuary Project

RHDV Vaccine | The Avian and Exotic Animal Clinic 

Infectious Diseases In Rabbits | VCA Animal Hospitals